Hill, R.L. Even more surprising, this means more people go to at least one U.S. music festival each year than the number of Americans who die each year. We cover all genres of music. Frequent festivalgoers were open for social interaction to nurture the sense of community and belonging (see Social practices). 39 No. Music itself has changed, as well, making festivals a bigger attraction for listeners. In career development, the most important aspects are changed behavior and motivation, sense of community with others and skills development (see Getz, 2008; Getz and McConnell, 2011; Mackellar, 2009). world relating to economic and political issues as well as The highest attendance rates were at Cinemas and drive-ins (66.8%), Live music concerts and performances (38.2%) and Libraries and archives (30.9%). The roots of rhythm music festivals in Finland can be found already in the 1960s, when the Pori Jazz festival was founded, and the first instance organized in the city of Pori. As music festivals have taken off in popularity, these kids of experiences have become a key feature of cultural life in America. Since they are aware of their role in the co-creation of the festival atmosphere during the event and beyond, they should be considered as crucial stakeholders in the production networks of festivals and posited as co-producers in these networks. 27 No. They dont need the grind of touring anymore. 4, pp. Then they heard us speaking [Finnish] and we got acquainted since we let them into our camp. Professor PhD. In 2019, Ed Sheeran sold about 2.5 million tickets. The purpose of the study is to compare features of career development and fandom in frequent festival attendance in the context of Finnish music festivals. As streaming becomes one of the most popular ways to listen to music, sales of tickets and merchandise make up the bulk of fans expenditures on music. Please do not hesitate to contact me. data than referenced in the text. The study uses a mixed methods research approach and employs two theoretical frameworks: theories of career development and fandom. Get in touch with us. - Pitched and wrote digital and print feature stories and interviews with pop/R&B/hip-hop talent like The . Currently, you are using a shared account. His Neighbors Sued Him, The Secret History of the Shadow Campaign That Saved the 2020 Election. Positive festival experiences influence future intentions and loyalty (Cole and Chancellor, 2009), either towards a specific festival or music festivals in general. 19 No. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Industry-specific and extensively researched technical data (partially from exclusive partnerships). Overall, Mintel estimates the value of the UK music festivals and concerts market to be worth just over 2.6 billion in 2019, up from 2.46 billion in 2018. Music-related fandom has been previously investigated in relation to artists and specific musical genres, but not so much in relation to music festivals in general. Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 60m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. Secondly, before and after the festival, frequent festivalgoers as festival fans could be engaged in the production as messengers who can take a role as influencers by sharing the festival's message and vision of consuming the festival experience for a wider audience and newcomers (Luonila et al., 2016, p. 477; see also Suomi et al., 2020). Sziget Festival Record attendance: 565,000 Wood, E.H. and Kinnunen, M. (2020), Emotion, memory and re-collective value: shared festival experiences, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. This makes it easy to find new friends or bridge in Quinn and Wilks' conceptualization (2016) as social interaction with strangers is more acceptable than in the surrounding society. This bulletin provides an overview of the demographic profiles, patterns of festival attendance and drug use, policing experiences and help-seeking behaviours of 5,155 Australian music festival attendees surveyed in late 2018. Now, theres 14 and Pittsburgh is such a small marketso imagine how that translates into other markets. Analysing tourist experiences of Wagner's Bayreuth, ABBA's Stockholm and U2's Dublin, Tourist Studies, Vol. Largest music festivals in the United Kingdom in 2019, by audience capacity [Graph]. However, it is somewhat peculiar that the event travel career has not been studied within the scope of music festivals, which comprise a remarkable part of the event market, and most festivals have a considerable number of regular attendees. Skills development in turn is a fundamental part of an event travel career. Fandom, on the other hand, includes a personal relationship with the fan interest, a collective identity with other fans (see Cavicchi, 1998; Duffett, 2013; Hill, 2016), acquisition of knowledge about the fan interest, as well as a specific code of conduct within the fan community (Jones, 2000). 35 No. Attendance across the three days reached 3.3 million in 2015, earning it the title of "largest attendance at a music festival", according to Guinness World Records. Taylor Swift's Reputation Stadium Tour is the highest-grossing tour in the US and North American history, grossing $266.1 million. (Sofia). 2, pp. 14 No. 41-60. You have reached your limit of 4 free articles. Clicking on the following button will update the content below. They used to be more of a communion of culture, says Carlos Chirinos, a professor of clinical music and global health at New York University. Music festival attendance might also be a vehicle for various . The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Industry-specific and extensively researched technical data (partially from exclusive partnerships). Festivarian code (Gardner, 2004), a positive state of mind and respect for other participants, facilitates communality and everyone's enjoyment at the event. The most important theoretical contribution is that according to our findings in frequent festival attendance, both festival career development and festival fandom are most clearly present in motivation development and social dimensions. This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) licence. The quantitative data included results of the Finnish Festival Barometer web survey from the year 2016, altogether 3,322 responses. Despite 2021 being far from a normal year in the music festival calendar, overall participation in attending festivals recovered to around 80% of its pre-pandemic level as just over a fifth (21%) of UK consumers attended a music festival in the year to March 2022, compared to 26% in the 12 months to May 2019. and McCarty, M. (2014), The function of shared affect in groups, in von Scheve, C. and Salmela, M. (Eds), Collective Emotions: Perspectives from Psychology, Philosophy, and Sociology, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. Finally, knowledge about different festival areas grew among frequent festivalgoers and they did not need festival area maps unless there had been major changes in their favorite festival. Past festivals 2009. 693-711. The artist fandom was demonstrated by being in the front row and taking photos of their idols. Packer, J. and Ballantyne, J. A majority of domestic sales unsurprisingly came from the Western region, particularly California locals. The sense of community is related to a festival-specific liminoid zone that is restricted by space and time (Getz, 2007). Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 60m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. Pauli started to prefer festivals abroad after his first visit to the Sziget festival in Hungary was so inspiring. 4, pp. and Burland, K. (2013), Listening to live jazz: an individual or social act?, Arts Marketing: An International Journal, Vol. This consideration implies that organisers could benefit from frequent festivalgoers' expertise and willingness to participate in the festival's development practices both in marketing and management. This leads to changes in motivations for participation, like in the event travel career, most probably towards social benefits and well-being. 1, pp. 211-220. Festivals in the UK industry outlook (2022-2027) poll Average industry growth 2022-2027: x.x lock Purchase this report or a membership to unlock the average company profit margin for this industry. The Statista "Chart of the Day" currently focuses Prentice, R. and Andersen, V. (2003), Festival as creative destination, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 239-245. Feel free to contact us anytime using our contact form or visit our FAQ page. Due to varying update cycles, statistics can display more up-to-date Benefits like enjoyment and pleasure were gained from attendance, also well-being and getting energy for everyday challenges through social festival experiences (see also Meretse et al., 2016). Kinnunen, M., Luonila, M. and Honkanen, A. Her focus areas are festival audiences and their experiences. (July 10, 2020). 106, pp. Most Super Bowl wins by NFL team 1967-2023, Average ticket price in the NFL by team 2021, FIFA World Ranking: top male soccer teams 2022, Athletic footwear global market share by company 2015, Health & Fitness Clubs - Statistics & Facts, Sporting goods industry in the U.S. - statistics & facts, Profit from additional features with an Employee Account. The festival taking place in Rabat was established in 2001 and in 2019 hosted international and local music acts like The Black Eyed Peas, Migos or famous Lebanese singer Elissa. (2006), A review of festival and event motivation studies, Event Management, Vol. Statista. In addition, Pauli is a good example of other competing priorities. [2] In addition to live music, Hinterland features art, craft vendors, and camping. 1408-1432. 278-299. Photo Credit: Carlos Alfonso One week following the. Which topics are covered by the "Chart of the Day"? The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: While live show announcements and touring operations are slowly picking up across the globe, the question which festival will take the crown for the most attendees in 2022 will likely remain unanswered for the time being. Jones, I. 0000004505 00000 n The interviews lasted from 40 minutes to 1 hour and 10 minutes (on average 51 minutes), and the total length of all the interviews was 6 hours 48 minutes. In the context of the present study, frequent music festival attendance is expected to fulfil the characteristics of festival career development: if the introduction to festivals that is, the first festival experience was positive, it might lead to extensive festival attendance where the participant seeks new, positive and inspiring experiences at festivals. Then you can access your favorite statistics via the star in the header. 32 No. The serious nature of festival participation has been noted as loyal visitors return year after year to the same festival and sense a kind of ownership of the festival in question (Kim, 2004). Jul 2019. Getz, D. (2008), Event tourism: definition, evolution, and research, Tourism Management, Vol. A frequent festivalgoer is a committed and loyal festival attendee who often shares the values that a festival represents. (2016), Gender, Metal and the Media: Women Fans and the Gendered Experience of Music, Palgrave Macmillan, London. Please do not hesitate to contact me. Reysen, S., Plante, C. and Chadborn, D. (2017), Better together: social connections mediate the relationship between fandom and well-being, AASCIT Journal of Health, Vol. 1275-1298. Frequent music festival attendance is a demonstration of festival fandom including fandom-related practices, part of which are present also in the event travel career model as discussed next. Apr 2021 - May 20221 year 2 months. 7 No. (March 3, 2020). 117-138. 46 No. In respect to social aspects, festival communitas and social dimensions of festival attendance are recognised (Quinn and Wilks, 2016), but in the case of festival fans, the sense of belonging extends beyond the festival timeframe and it is currently undervalued. But the music festivals that have achieved a cultural cache are unlikely to recede from relevance anytime soon. Facebook: quarterly number of MAU (monthly active users) worldwide 2008-2022, Quarterly smartphone market share worldwide by vendor 2009-2022, Number of apps available in leading app stores Q3 2022. Use is, however, only permitted with According to the CDC, 2.6 million Americans died in . 18 No. 3-9. statistic alerts) please log in with your personal account. After purchasing a controlling interest in Bonnaroo in 2015, Live Nation this year bought the remaining stake to gain total control of the festival. 22-35. Learn more about how Statista can support your business. The collective identity with other fans (see Cavicchi, 1998; Duffett, 2013; Hill, 2016), on the other hand, facilitates social interactions with strangers who have similar values and interests and with whom the sense of belonging is felt (Rihova et al., 2015). Studies on career development show that devotion to a specific leisure activity involving frequent event attendance modifies future behavior in motives, preferences and patterns, intending to fulfil needs that have been changed through accumulated experience (Getz, 2007, 2008). Bahl says festival organizers quickly caught on to the spike in artists taking to the road and decided to pay them more to appear at their events. (1988), The Ulysses Factor: Evaluating Visitors in Tourist Settings, Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. 3 No. There is a scarcity of research scrutinizing both career development and fandom in the festival context within the same study, and festival attendance as part of music tourism is an under-researched area. The most important behavioral aspect was the essence of socializing. 3, pp. 18 No. As soon as this statistic is updated, you will immediately be notified via e-mail. Listening to live jazz: an individual or social act? [3] Magazines, Digital You only have access to basic statistics. Learn more about how Statista can support your business. 28 No. Free access. Accessed March 01, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1101275/largest-uk-music-festivals/, Statista. In turn, their popularity allows people to signal that theyre a part of major cultural moments, as the ability to attend a music festival (and broadcast ones experience on social media) has become an experience that many covet. Nurturing a community driven by purpose, through mentoring. 0000002309 00000 n He makes ice. Mackellar, J. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our, Digital One guy has a freezer. 1, pp. Pitts, S.E. Career development and fandom are related concepts. This means that live music is an essential part of a frequent festivalgoer's life, like for Tiina who summarizes that I see the Finnish musical scene (laugh) so that the summer is predominantly the festival season and the winter is the time for club gigs and concerts. 29-40. According to our findings, frequent festivalgoers are aware of the importance of their practices for festivals. 403-428. 29 No. Qualitative analysis was executed using thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2006) for the interviews transcribed, since it was suited for analyzing those themes in more detail that were derived from literature of fandom and career development: motives and practices (social practices, skills and knowledge development, and appropriate behavior). Nonetheless, its approximately two million visitors in 2019 granted it a sizable margin to the roughly 750,000 festival fans visiting Polish Pol'and'Rock festival in 2019. In, Statista. We are happy to help. The purpose of the present study was to find out how festival fandom and career development were involved in frequent music festival attendance. Due to non-normality of variables, Spearman's correlation was chosen to assess the relationship between the number of festival and small concert (club, restaurant) attendances during the previous year. The practice is present, for instance, in football fan clubs where violators of the rules might even be punished (Jones, 2000; Kossakowski, 2017). Attendance at the 2019 event, which took place Aug. 1-11 was 1,226,000, topping the previous record of 1,196,000 set in 2017. ", Statista, Largest music festivals in the United Kingdom in 2019, by audience capacity Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1101275/largest-uk-music-festivals/ (last visited March 01, 2023), Largest music festivals in the United Kingdom in 2019, by audience capacity [Graph], Statista, March 3, 2020. Identification with other fans leads to social connections with them (Duffett, 2013), which in turn is related to well-being (Reysen et al., 2017; see also Packer and Ballantyne, 2011). Get full access to all features within our Business Solutions. (Mean ratings on a 0-4 scale, where 0 = Experienced the benefit . 4 No. Patience, on the other hand, was needed since festival attendance involved lots of queuing and waiting. The 2019 conference was based on the theme of 'Non-Communicable Diseases: A Crisis in Slow Motion', where delegates were given the . Everybody is doing it.. Li, X. and Petrick, J.F. Attachment includes a stronger, deeper and stable relationship with the fan interest, and allegiance demonstrates commitment and loyalty. 6 No. You need at least a Starter Account to use this feature. 4, pp. [1] The festival occurs annually in August and is the largest music festival in Iowa. 0000004131 00000 n Meretse, A.R., Mykletun, R.J. and Einarsen, K. (2016), Participants' benefits from visiting a food festival the case of the stavanger food festival (Gladmatfestivalen), Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, Vol. According to organizer reports, Morocco's Mawazine came in first the second time in a row with an attendance of roughly 2.8 million. Getz and Andersson (2010, 2020), as well as Getz and McConnell (2011), tested the event travel career model among participants of different sports events and concluded that it contained the following dimensions: motivations, travel styles, temporal and spatial dimensions, and event and destination choices. In frequent festival attendance, both festival career development and festival fandom are most clearly present in motivation development and social dimensions. From the praxis point of view, the study indicates that frequent festivalgoers as loyal festival fans have the potential to contribute to various phases of festival production since they are considered as professionals in festival attendance. Its essentially kind of drowned out in many ways because everybody is picking up on this concept. Now that you have an idea of what the typical hardcore festie is like, here's why it matters: Because listening to music has become practically free (or subscription-based), the access is unprecedentedand makes live music that much more special, according to Chirinos. Visit emeraldpublishing.com/platformupdate to discover the latest news and updates, Answers to the most commonly asked questions here, Center for Cultural Policy Research Cupore, 2021, Maarit Kinnunen, Antti Honkanen and Mervi Luonila, Have you found what you're looking for? The purpose of the present paper is to compare features of career development and fandom in frequent festival attendance in the context of Finnish music festivals. Don Smiley, the CEO of Summerfest, which takes place over 11 days each year in Milwaukee, says his organization has adapted to changing times to keep the annual event relevant. 2, pp. I never bothered to count but I attend several hundred gigs a year. 16-26. Leisure career studies, on the other hand, concentrate heavily on sports events (Buning and Gibson, 2015; Getz and Patterson, 2013) as if career development in a hobby would require a measurable activity. Communality and the sense of belonging built by festival attendees was a major building block for both fandom and career development; it was related to participation motives where the social atmosphere of festivals played an important role. Gardner, 2004). 28 No. Getz and Andersson (2010, 2020) argued that progress in an event career is first and foremost dependent on the level of involvement. Instead, as the participation frequency increases, skills and knowledge about the characteristics and practices of festival attendance and music festivals will increase accordingly. Amberla, K. (2013), Festivals in Finland, in Ngrier, E., Bonet, L. and Gurin, M. (Eds), Music Festivals, a Changing World, Michel de Maule, Paris, pp. Can I integrate infographics into my blog or website? For arts or cultural festival attendees, it's a 12% difference. Firstly, in line with the main theoretical contribution of the study, by being sociable, friendly and skilled attendees, frequent festivalgoers might be positioned as members of the festival communitas who create a festival experience and atmosphere by participating in collective actions and shared enjoyment. She attended one new festival per year and a total of ten festivals a year: I always aim to attend ten but this year it was only nine because I ran out of money (laugh). Festival attendance also increased fans' well-being (cf. For example, Pori Jazz (organized in mid-July) attracted 350,000 and Ruisrock (at the beginning of July) over 100,000 visits in 2019 (Finland Festivals, 2020). 5, pp. Source: wikimedia.org. They offered and enjoyed inclusivity of the festival: they could attend alone and yet not feel lonely; they talked to strangers and became friends with them; they smiled and were positive towards fellow attendees. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. (2020), Ironic festival brand co-creation, Journal of Business Research, Vol. In fandom studies, a specific code of conduct might be related to fan practices, as in the case of football fans (Jones, 2000; Kossakowski, 2017). Pink is the number one touring artist of 2019 worldwide with a tour gross of $215.2 million. Mean number of attendances in big and small concerts per year per festival visitor type, Background information of web survey respondents (N=3,322), Relationship with music: MannWhitney U-test. "Largest Music Festivals in The United Kingdom in 2019, by Audience Capacity. There were around 462,000 followers of the participating festivals in Facebook, whereas the total number of visits to these festivals was 564,000 [1] in 2018. 4, pp. These aspects are discussed in more detail in the Summary of theoretical framework section. A paid subscription is required for full access. Funk, D.C. and James, J. Maarit Kinnunen is the corresponding author and can be contacted at: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEFM-08-2020-0050, http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode, http://www.festivals.fi/tilastot/festivaalien-kayntimaarat-2019/, https://ses.se/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Supplemental-Fan-Survey-Data1.pdf, https://www.livefin.fi/festivaalibarometri2020/, http://tilastokeskus.fi/til/vpa/2017/01/vpa_2017_01_2018-11-21_tie_001_en.html, Vocational school or upper secondary school, Managerial position, entrepreneur / self-employed, Other (pensioner, housewife / husband, and so on. The "Big Day Out" music festival, for instance, was attended by more than 300,000 . Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 60m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. Are you interested in testing our business solutions? 211-226. Duffett, M. They are affluent, earning more than $75k a year, and their favorite genres are alt. Greene, J. Source: wikimedia.org. Festival attendance was an important element of frequent festivalgoers' social life. 29 No. The relaxed attitude was necessary to enjoy the festival and to keep oneself and others in a good mood. 6, pp. A 2019 Deloitte survey of millennialsa group that makes up at least 45% of the 32 million people who attend music festivals finds that most value experiences: 57% of respondents said they. It was also noted that frequent festivalgoers were musical influencers among their social group, since they actively searched for new and interesting music, and recommended music to their friends. 7-30. Our findings show that frequent music festival attendance is festival fandom and career development that are heavily intertwined in motives and practices, as summarized in Figure 1. 2, pp. : A Record-Linkage Analysis of University Faculty Online Survey Response Behavior, San Jos State University, San Jos, CA. 0000001197 00000 n Today, rhythm music festivals encourage cultural consumption to flourish especially in summertime, when hundreds of pop, rock and jazz festivals are produced both in cities and peripheral regions. Within the last decade, music festivals have grown into a major moneymaker in a competitive industry that sees hundreds of such events each year in the U.S. Larsen et al. 0000005385 00000 n 2, pp. 423-441. ,"5g},:=S'mB3^x9Kw.OtQjY~eVn}]8%Qzo|VQ:#y|/lqSBXf~|{[ZCZFYZZzEGGPFAAAD( $@r` % @`/P*A 3, pp. Kinnunen, M. (2018), Total Festival Experience: A Mixed Methods Research Approach to Consumer Experiences in Finnish Cultural Festivals, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi. Furthermore, Finns' attitudes, tastes and perceptions of festivals have not changed much along the years (see the report on the longitudinal Finnish Festival Barometer research in 20142018, Kinnunen et al., 2019b), except 2020 when the COVID-19 pandemic caused the cancellation of summer festivals. Big Performer: Ziggy Marley. As a Premium user you get access to the detailed source references and background information about this statistic. Fan practices include the production of fan culture, like writing fan fiction and communicating on the Internet about the fan interest, as well as consumption practices like collecting items related to fandom or attending events, and travelling because of it (Bolderman and Reijnders, 2017; Duffett, 2013, 2014). Impact of length of visit on the perceived benefits of music festival attendance. In the literature review, first the history of travel and event career developments is introduced, followed by the conceptualization of musical fandom. 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